{{Rsnum
|rsid=1044396
|Gene=CHRNA4
|Chromosome=20
|position=63349782
|Orientation=plus
|ReferenceAllele=C
|GMAF=0.3609
|Assembly=GRCh38
|GenomeBuild=38.1
|dbSNPBuild=141
|geno1=(C;C)
|geno2=(C;T)
|geno3=(T;T)
|Gene_s=CHRNA4
}}{{ population diversity
| geno1=(C;C)
| geno2=(C;T)
| geno3=(T;T)
| CEU | 20.4 | 42.5 | 37.2
| HCB | 59.1 | 35.0 | 5.8
| JPT | 39.1 | 52.7 | 8.2
| YRI | 91.5 | 8.5 | 0.0
| ASW | 62.5 | 37.5 | 0.0
| CHB | 59.1 | 35.0 | 5.8
| CHD | 54.1 | 41.3 | 4.6
| GIH | 36.6 | 49.5 | 13.9
| LWK | 90.7 | 9.3 | 0.0
| MEX | 17.9 | 50.0 | 32.1
| MKK | 86.9 | 12.4 | 0.7
| TSI | 26.0 | 50.0 | 24.0
| HapMapRevision=28
}}{{PMID|15154117|OA=1
}} associated with vulnerability to [[nicotine]] addiction in men.

[http://genes2brains2mentalhealth.wordpress.com/2008/06/22/rs1044396-mediates-effects-of-nicotine-self-medication/ g2b2mh blog] rs1044396 mediates effects of nicotine self-medication via parietal cortex. subjects with the (T;T) genotype showed robust brain activity in the parietal cortex while subjects with the (C;C) genotype showed very little change in activity.

{{ neighbor
| rsid = 28931591
| distance = 778
}}

{{omim
|desc=CHOLINERGIC RECEPTOR, NEURONAL NICOTINIC, ALPHA POLYPEPTIDE 4; CHRNA4
|id=118504
|rsnum=1044396
|variant=0005
}}

{{PharmGKB
|RSID=rs1044396
|Name_s=
|Gene_s=CHRNA4
|Feature=
|Evidence=PubMed ID:19290018
|Annotation=This variant is closely linked to rs2236196 and has been associated with the intensification of nicotine dependence.
|Drugs=nicotine
|Drug Classes=
|Diseases=Tobacco Use Disorder
|Curation Level=Curated
|PharmGKB Accession ID=PA164924603
}}

{{PMID Auto
|PMID=19482438
|Title=Association of genes coding for the alpha-4, alpha-5, beta-2 and beta-3 subunits of nicotinic receptors with cigarette smoking and nicotine dependence
}}

{{omim
|id=118504
|rsnum=1044396
|variant=0005
}}

{{PMID Auto
|PMID=22008229
|Title=Association of CHRNA4 polymorphism with depression and loneliness in elderly males
}}

{{PMID Auto
|PMID=17135278
|Title=Cholinergic nicotinic receptor genes implicated in a nicotine dependence association study targeting 348 candidate genes with 3713 SNPs.
|OA=1
}}

{{PMID Auto
|PMID=17503330
|Title=A generalized combinatorial approach for detecting gene-by-gene and gene-by-environment interactions with application to nicotine dependence.
|OA=1
}}

{{PMID Auto
|PMID=17613539
|Title=Association of attentional network function with exon 5 variations of the CHRNA4 gene.
}}

{{PMID Auto
|PMID=17948872
|Title=Association of dopamine, serotonin, and nicotinic gene polymorphisms with methylphenidate response in ADHD.
}}

{{PMID Auto
|PMID=18534558
|Title=Gene-gene interactions among CHRNA4, CHRNB2, BDNF, and NTRK2 in nicotine dependence.
|OA=1
}}

{{PMID Auto
|PMID=18571741
|Title=Genetic variability in nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and nicotine addiction: converging evidence from human and animal research.
|OA=1
}}

{{PMID Auto
|PMID=18618000
|Title=A candidate gene approach identifies the CHRNA5-A3-B4 region as a risk factor for age-dependent nicotine addiction.
|OA=1
}}

{{PMID Auto
|PMID=19211801
|Title=Synergistic effects of genetic variation in nicotinic and muscarinic receptors on visual attention but not working memory.
|OA=1
}}

{{PMID Auto
|PMID=19238175
|Title=New insights into the genetics of addiction.
|OA=1
}}

{{PMID Auto
|PMID=19259974
|Title=Multiple distinct risk loci for nicotine dependence identified by dense coverage of the complete family of nicotinic receptor subunit (CHRN) genes.
|OA=1
}}

{{PMID Auto
|PMID=19429020
|Title=Individual variation in a cholinergic receptor gene modulates attention.
}}

{{PMID Auto
|PMID=20493238
|Title=Genetic variation of CHRNA4 does not modulate attention in Parkinson's disease.
}}

{{PMID Auto
|PMID=21130611
|Title=Evidence for the modality independence of the genetic epistasis between the dopaminergic and cholinergic system on working memory capacity.
}}

{{PMID Auto
|PMID=22180580
|Title=Association Between Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Smoking Cessation.
}}

{{PMID Auto
|PMID=22373960
|Title=A cognitive phenotype for a polymorphism in the nicotinic receptor gene CHRNA4.
}}

{{GET Evidence
|impact=pharmacogenetic
|qualified_impact=Insufficiently evaluated pharmacogenetic
|inheritance=unknown
|quality_scores=Array
|dbsnp_id=rs1044396
|overall_frequency_n=4355
|overall_frequency_d=10752
|overall_frequency=0.405041
|n_genomes=22
|n_genomes_annotated=0
|n_haplomes=29
|n_articles=1
|n_articles_annotated=0
|in_pharmgkb=Y
|autoscore=1
|webscore=N
}}

{{PMID Auto
|PMID=22722381
|Title=The role of the CHRNA4 gene in Internet addiction: a case-control study.
}}

{{PMID Auto
|PMID=22760121
|Title=Interaction of the cholinergic system and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis as a risk factor for depression: evidence from a genetic association study.
}}

{{PMID Auto
|PMID=22947540
|Title=The dopamine D2 receptor gene DRD2 and the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor gene CHRNA4 interact on striatal gray matter volume: evidence from a genetic imaging study.
}}

{{PMID Auto
|PMID=23350800
|Title=Nominal association with CHRNA4 variants and nicotine dependence.
|OA=1
}}

{{on chip | 23andMe v2}}
{{on chip | 23andMe v3}}
{{on chip | 23andMe v4}}
{{on chip | FTDNA2}}
{{on chip | HumanOmni1Quad}}
{{on chip | Illumina Human 1M}}