{{Rsnum
|rsid=2814778
|Gene=DARC
|Chromosome=1
|position=159204893
|Orientation=plus
|GMAF=0.2245
|Assembly=GRCh38
|GenomeBuild=38.1
|dbSNPBuild=141
|geno1=(A;A)
|geno2=(A;G)
|geno3=(G;G)
|Gene_s=ACKR1
}}{{ population diversity
| geno1=(A;A)
| geno2=(A;G)
| geno3=(G;G)
| CEU | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0
| HCB | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0
| JPT | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0
| YRI | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0
| ASW | 3.5 | 33.3 | 63.2
| CHB | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0
| CHD | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0
| GIH | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0
| LWK | 0.0 | 0.9 | 99.1
| MEX | 91.4 | 8.6 | 0.0
| MKK | 0.6 | 12.2 | 87.2
| TSI | 98.0 | 2.0 | 0.0
| HapMapRevision=28
}}[[rs2814778]] is within the [[DARC]] gene, which encodes the Duffy blood group antigen {{PMID|7663520}}. This SNP shows an almost perfectly fixed difference in frequency between Europeans and those with African ancestry. (One exception appears to be a certain population of Czech gypsies, and certain non-[[Ashkenazi]] Jewish populations.) Additionally the Namibian San samples of the CEPH-HGDP are, uncharacteristically for Africans, all AA homozygotes for this SNP.

The [[rs2814778]] (G) allele is associated with African populations, while [[rs2814778]] (A) is associated with European populations and southwestern [[Native American]] populations.

{{PMID|19180233|OA=1
}} rs2814778(G;G) protect against Plasmodium vivax malaria and predicts of white blood cell and neutrophil count

[http://blog.23andme.com/2008/07/16/snpwatch-genetic-variant-common-in-african-americans-may-influence-susceptibility-to-hiv/ 23andMe blog] discussion

{{ neighbor
| rsid = 12075
| distance = 671
}}

{{omim
|desc=WHITE BLOOD CELL COUNT QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCUS 1; WBCQ1
|id=611862
|rsnum=2814778
}}

{{omim
|desc=BLOOD GROUP--DUFFY SYSTEM; FY
|id=110700
|rsnum=2814778
}}

{{PharmGKB
|RSID=rs2814778
|Name_s=DARC: T-46C
|Gene_s=CADM3, DARC
|Feature=
|Evidence=PubMed ID:18621010
|Annotation=African-American individuals with the C/C genotype of this promoter SNP are 40% more likely to acquire HIV-1 than T/T or T/C individuals. However, once infected, those with the C/C genotype exhibited slower disease progression.
|Drugs=
|Drug Classes=
|Diseases=Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
|Curation Level=Curated
|PharmGKB Accession ID=PA162168956
}}

{{omim
|id=613665
|desc=DUFFY ANTIGEN RECEPTOR FOR CHEMOKINES; DARC
|rsnum=2814778
}}

{{PMID Auto GWAS
|PMID=21507922
|Trait=None
|Title=Duffy-null-associated low neutrophil counts influence HIV-1 susceptibility in high-risk South African black women.
|RiskAllele=
|Pval=1E-8
|OR=None
|ORtxt=None
|OA=1
}}

{{PMID Auto
|PMID=22207676
|Title=The association between a Darc gene polymorphism and clinical outcomes in African Americans with acute lung injury
|OA=1
}}

{{PMID Auto GWAS
|PMID=22037903
|Trait=None
|Title=Genetic variants associated with the white blood cell count in 13,923 subjects in the eMERGE Network.
|RiskAllele=
|Pval=7E-55
|OR=1.3500
|ORtxt=None
|OA=1
}}

{{PMID Auto
|PMID=15660291
|Title=Population structure, admixture, and aging-related phenotypes in African American adults: the Cardiovascular Health Study.
|OA=1
}}

{{PMID Auto
|PMID=16685648
|Title=Diplotype trend regression analysis of the ADH gene cluster and the ALDH2 gene: multiple significant associations with alcohol dependence.
|OA=1
}}

{{PMID Auto
|PMID=17069770
|Title=Personality traits of agreeableness and extraversion are associated with ADH4 variation.
|OA=1
}}

{{PMID Auto
|PMID=17185388
|Title=Multiple ADH genes modulate risk for drug dependence in both African- and European-Americans.
|OA=1
}}

{{PMID Auto
|PMID=18179887
|Title=Admixture mapping of white cell count: genetic locus responsible for lower white blood cell count in the Health ABC and Jackson Heart studies.
|OA=1
}}

{{PMID Auto
|PMID=18248572
|Title=Lack of Duffy antigen expression is associated with organ damage in patients with sickle cell disease.
}}

{{PMID Auto
|PMID=18654799
|Title=Exploration of the utility of ancestry informative markers for genetic association studies of African Americans with type 2 diabetes and end stage renal disease.
|OA=1
}}

{{PMID Auto
|PMID=18710383
|Title=Duffy (Fy), DARC, and neutropenia among women from the United States, Europe and the Caribbean.
|OA=1
}}

{{PMID Auto
|PMID=18827265
|Title=Gene encoding Duffy antigen/receptor for chemokines is associated with asthma and IgE in three populations.
|OA=1
}}

{{PMID Auto
|PMID=19369910
|Title=The efficacies of clozapine and haloperidol in refractory schizophrenia are related to DTNBP1 variation.
|OA=1
}}

{{PMID Auto
|PMID=19593725
|Title=Association of maternally inherited GNAS alleles with African-American male birth weight.
|OA=1
}}

{{PMID Auto
|PMID=19737746
|Title=Population differentiation as an indicator of recent positive selection in humans: an empirical evaluation.
|OA=1
}}

{{PMID Auto
|PMID=19758966
|Title=Ethnic and genetic causes of neutropenia: clinical and therapeutic implications.
}}

{{PMID Auto
|PMID=20021678
|Title=Evaluation of self-reported ethnicity in a case-control population: the stroke prevention in young women study.
|OA=1
}}

{{PMID Auto
|PMID=21257350
|Title=DNA-based methods in the immunohematology reference laboratory.
|OA=1
}}

{{GET Evidence
|impact=pharmacogenetic
|qualified_impact=Insufficiently evaluated pharmacogenetic
|inheritance=unknown
|quality_scores=Array
|dbsnp_id=rs2814778
|overall_frequency_n=584
|overall_frequency_d=3234
|overall_frequency=0.180581
|n_genomes=22
|n_genomes_annotated=0
|n_haplomes=38
|n_articles=1
|n_articles_annotated=0
|in_pharmgkb=Y
|autoscore=1
|webscore=N
}}

[[Malaria Resistance (Duffy Antigen)]]

{{ClinVar
|ALT=C
|CHROM=1
|CLNACC=RCV000000006.2; RCV000000007.2; RCV000000008.1
|CLNALLE=1
|CLNDBN=DUFFY BLOOD GROUP SYSTEM, FY(a-b-) PHENOTYPE; Resistance to Plasmodium vivax infection; White blood cell count quantitative trait locus 1
|CLNDSDB=MedGen; MedGen:OMIM
|CLNDSDBID=CN071507; C2676078:611862
|CLNHGVS=NC_000001.11:g.159204893T>C
|CLNORIGIN=1
|CLNSIG=255
|CLNSRC=OMIM Allelic Variant; dbRBC - Blood Group Antigen Gene Mutation Database
|CLNSRCID=613665.0002; 253
|Disease=DUFFY BLOOD GROUP SYSTEM; Resistance to Plasmodium vivax infection; White blood cell count quantitative trait locus 1
|FwdALT=G
|FwdREF=A
|GENEINFO=ACKR1:2532
|GENE_ID=2532
|GENE_NAME=ACKR1
|REF=T
|RSPOS=159204893
|Reversed=1
|SAO=0
|SSR=0
|Tags=RV;PM;PMC;SLO;U5;R5;ASP;VLD;G5;HD;GNO;KGPhase1;KGPilot123;KGPROD;OTHERKG;PH3;MTP;OM;NOC
|VC=SNV
|VP=0x05016842000515051f030110
|WGT=1
|dbSNPBuildID=100
|rsid=2814778
}}
{{on chip | 23andMe v1}}
{{on chip | 23andMe v2}}
{{on chip | 23andMe v3}}
{{on chip | 23andMe v4}}
{{on chip | HumanOmni1Quad}}
{{on chip | Illumina Human 1M}}