{{Rsnum
|rsid=578776
|Gene=CHRNA3
|Chromosome=15
|position=78596058
|Orientation=plus
|GMAF=0.4564
|Assembly=GRCh38
|GenomeBuild=38.1
|dbSNPBuild=141
|geno1=(C;C)
|geno2=(C;T)
|geno3=(T;T)
|Gene_s=CHRNA3
}}{{ population diversity
| geno1=(C;C)
| geno2=(C;T)
| geno3=(T;T)
| CEU | 56.6 | 37.2 | 6.2
| HCB | 3.8 | 34.8 | 61.4
| JPT | 3.6 | 24.5 | 71.8
| YRI | 11.7 | 42.8 | 45.5
| ASW | 10.7 | 57.1 | 32.1
| CHB | 3.8 | 34.8 | 61.4
| CHD | 4.6 | 32.4 | 63.0
| GIH | 26.0 | 47.0 | 27.0
| LWK | 7.5 | 43.4 | 49.1
| MEX | 20.7 | 44.8 | 34.5
| MKK | 22.9 | 51.6 | 25.5
| TSI | 52.0 | 41.0 | 7.0
| HapMapRevision=28
}}{{PMID|19259974|OA=1
}} identifies a region associated with [[nicotine dependence]] in this particular study (1,050 dependents, 879 non-dependent controls, all of European descent), noted as distinct from the loci which [[rs16969968]] defines

{{PMID Auto
|PMID=19706762
|Title=The CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4 Nicotinic Receptor Subunit Gene Cluster Affects Risk for Nicotine Dependence in African-Americans and in European-Americans
|OA=1
}}

{{PharmGKB
|RSID=rs578776
|Name_s=
|Gene_s=CHRNA5, CHRNA3
|Feature=
|Evidence=PubMed ID:18618000
|Annotation=The A allele of this SNP is associated with protection from early onset nicotine addiction, i.e., daily smoking commencing at or before age 16. Haplotype C, which is defined by the A allele of this SNP and the T allele of rs569207, is similarly associated with protection from early onset nicotine dependence.
|Drugs=nicotine
|Drug Classes=
|Diseases=Tobacco Use Disorder
|Curation Level=Curated
|PharmGKB Accession ID=PA162168241
}}

{{PMID Auto
|PMID=20587604
|Title=Fine Mapping of Chromosome 15q25.1 Lung Cancer Susceptibility in African Americans
|OA=1
}}
{{PMID Auto
|PMID=20700436
|Title=Multiple Independent Loci at Chromosome 15q25.1 Affect Smoking Quantity: a Meta-Analysis and Comparison with Lung Cancer and COPD
|OA=1
}}
{{PMID Auto
|PMID=20840187
|Title=Peer smoking and the nicotinic receptor genes: an examination of genetic and environmental risks for nicotine dependence
|OA=1
}}

{{PMID Auto
|PMID=22046326
|Title='Smoking Genes': A Genetic Association Study
|OA=1
}}

{{PMID|17135278|OA=1
}} Cholinergic nicotinic receptor genes implicated in a nicotine dependence association study targeting 348 candidate genes with 3713 SNPs.

{{PMID|18519524|OA=1
}} Variants in nicotinic receptors and risk for nicotine dependence.

{{PMID|18565990|OA=1
}} Systematic biological prioritization after a genome-wide association study: an application to nicotine dependence.

{{PMID|18571741|OA=1
}} Genetic variability in nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and nicotine addiction: converging evidence from human and animal research.

{{PMID|18780872|OA=1
}} Familial aggregation of common sequence variants on 15q24-25.1 in lung cancer.

{{PMID|18783506|OA=1
}} Association of a single nucleotide polymorphism in neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha 5 (CHRNA5) with smoking status and with 'pleasurable buzz' during early experimentation with smoking.

{{PMID|19029397|OA=1
}} Nicotinic receptor gene variants influence susceptibility to heavy smoking.

{{PMID|19184766|OA=1
}} A testable prognostic model of nicotine dependence.

{{PMID|19247474|OA=1
}} Genome-wide and candidate gene association study of cigarette smoking behaviors.

{{PMID|19436041|OA=1
}} Human neuronal acetylcholine receptor A5-A3-B4 haplotypes are associated with multiple nicotine dependence phenotypes.

{{PMID|19443489|OA=1
}} Risk for nicotine dependence and lung cancer is conferred by mRNA expression levels and amino acid change in CHRNA5.

{{PMID|20485328|OA=1
}} Variation in nicotinic acetylcholine receptor genes is associated with multiple substance dependence phenotypes.

{{PMID|20808433|OA=1
}} Associations of variants in CHRNA5/A3/B4 gene cluster with smoking behaviors in a Korean population.

{{PMID|20886544}} Risk gene variants for nicotine dependence in the CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4 cluster are associated with cognitive performance.

{{PMID|21385908|OA=1
}} Association of the nicotine metabolite ratio and CHRNA5/CHRNA3 polymorphisms with smoking rate among treatment-seeking smokers.

{{PMID|21810735}} Single nucleotide polymorphisms in CHRNA5 rs16969968, CHRNA3 rs578776, and LOC123688 rs8034191 are associated with heaviness of smoking in women in Northeastern Ontario, Canada.

{{PMID|21862624}} Genetic polymorphisms in 15q25 and 19q13 loci, cotinine levels, and risk of lung cancer in EPIC.

{{PMID|22241830|OA=1
}} Analysis of detailed phenotype profiles reveals CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4 gene cluster association with several nicotine dependence traits.

{{GET Evidence
|impact=pharmacogenetic
|qualified_impact=Insufficiently evaluated pharmacogenetic
|inheritance=unknown
|quality_scores=Array
|dbsnp_id=rs578776
|overall_frequency_n=56
|overall_frequency_d=128
|overall_frequency=0.4375
|n_genomes=44
|n_genomes_annotated=0
|n_haplomes=57
|n_articles=1
|n_articles_annotated=0
|in_pharmgkb=Y
|autoscore=1
|webscore=N
}}

{{PMID Auto
|PMID=23397474
|Title=Polymorphisms of CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4 Gene Cluster and NSCLC Risk in Chinese Population
|OA=1
}}

{{PMID Auto
|PMID=22884254
|Title=Association of nicotine dependence susceptibility gene, CHRNA5, with Parkinson's disease age at onset: gene and smoking status interaction.
}}

{{PMID Auto
|PMID=23689675
|Title=Genetic risk for nicotine dependence in the cholinergic system and activation of the brain reward system in healthy adolescents.
}}

{{PMID Auto
|PMID=23692359
|Title=CHRNA5-A3-B4 genetic variants alter nicotine intake and interact with tobacco use to influence body weight in Alaska Native tobacco users.
}}

{{PMID Auto
|PMID=25139936
|Title=Association of Cancer Susceptibility Variants with Risk of Multiple Primary Cancers: the Population Architecture using Genomics and Epidemiology Study
}}
{{on chip | 23andMe v1}}
{{on chip | 23andMe v2}}
{{on chip | 23andMe v3}}
{{on chip | 23andMe v4}}
{{on chip | FTDNA2}}
{{on chip | FTDNA}}
{{on chip | HumanOmni1Quad}}
{{on chip | Illumina Human 1M}}